Chapter 3 – Colonial America Section 1 – Early English Settlements I. England in America (Pages 70-71) A. The English defeat of the Spanish Armada ended Spanish control of the seas. England and other European nations could begin colonies in North America because it was now safe to sail the waters. B. In 1583Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed Newfoundland for Queen Elizabeth. C. Sir Walter Raleigh sent about 100men to settle on Roanoke Island off the coast of present-day North Carolina in 1585.After the difficult winter there, the colonists returned to England. D. A second group of settlers came in 1587.This group of Roanoke colonists deserted the island and disappeared: No clues to their fate were left except the word Croatoancarved on a gatepost. Discussion Question Why do you think Roanoke Island was so difficult to settle? II. Jamestown Settlement (Pages 71-73) A. In April 1607,settlers sent by the Virginia Company in London entered Chesapeake Bay and founded Jamestown. They faced many hardships. For example, they found no gold nor did they establish the fish or fur trading expected of them by the Virginia Company investors. The number of colonists dwindled. B. Captain John Smith arrived in 1608to govern the colonists. The Virginia Company installed yet another leader to govern them after Smith. A harsh winter and more trouble continued to plague the colonists. C. When the colonists discovered how to grow tobacco, the colony began to prosper. Relations with the Native Americans living nearby also improved when one of the colonists, John Rolfe,married Pocahontas, the daughter of Chief Powhatan. D. The Virginia Company allowed a representative government in which ten towns in the colony each sent two representatives, or burgesses, to an assembly. The assembly made local laws. E. The House of Burgesses met for the first time on July 30, 1619. F. In 1619ninety women were sent to Jamestown so that families could form and the population could increase. G. In 1619twenty Africans came to Jamestown. They were sold to Virginia planters to work in the tobacco fields. They may have come as servants, not as slaves. H. Until 1640 some Africans were free and some owned property. In the years that followed, however, Africans came as enslaved passengers or were sold as slaves upon arrival ( Slavery became legal in the 1660s. I.Because of the financial problems the Virginia Company faced, King James of England canceled its charter and made Jamestown England's first royal colony in America. Discussion Question Why do you think slavery in Virginia was made legal in the 1660s?
Section 1 – Early English Settlements
I. England in America (Pages 70-71)
A. The English defeat of the Spanish Armada ended Spanish control of the seas. England and other European nations could begin colonies in North America because it was now safe to sail the waters.
B. In 1583Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed Newfoundland for Queen Elizabeth.
C. Sir Walter Raleigh sent about 100men to settle on Roanoke Island off the coast of present-day North Carolina in 1585.After the difficult winter there, the colonists returned to England.
D. A second group of settlers came in 1587.This group of Roanoke colonists deserted the island and disappeared: No clues to their fate were left except the word Croatoan carved on a gatepost.
Discussion Question
Why do you think Roanoke Island was so difficult to settle?
II. Jamestown Settlement (Pages 71-73)
A. In April 1607,settlers sent by the Virginia Company in London entered Chesapeake Bay and founded Jamestown. They faced many hardships. For example, they found no gold nor did they establish the fish or fur trading expected of them by the Virginia Company investors. The number of colonists dwindled.
B. Captain John Smith arrived in 1608to govern the colonists. The Virginia Company installed yet another leader to govern them after Smith. A harsh winter and more trouble continued to plague the colonists.
C. When the colonists discovered how to grow tobacco, the colony began to prosper. Relations with the Native Americans living nearby also improved when one of the colonists, John Rolfe,married Pocahontas, the daughter of Chief Powhatan.
D. The Virginia Company allowed a representative government in which ten towns in the colony each sent two representatives, or burgesses, to an assembly. The assembly made local laws.
E. The House of Burgesses met for the first time on July 30, 1619.
F. In 1619ninety women were sent to Jamestown so that families could form and the population could increase.
G. In 1619twenty Africans came to Jamestown. They were sold to Virginia planters to work in the tobacco fields. They may have come as servants, not as slaves.
H. Until 1640 some Africans were free and some owned property. In the years that followed, however, Africans came as enslaved passengers or were sold as slaves upon arrival ( Slavery became legal in the 1660s.
I. Because of the financial problems the Virginia Company faced, King James of England canceled its charter and made Jamestown England's first royal colony in America.
Discussion Question
Why do you think slavery in Virginia was made legal in the 1660s?